The particulars of Bheema Bamboo are furnished hereunder:
Scientific name : Bambusa balcooa Roxb.
Local name :
Bhaluka (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam); Baruwa (Manipur); Wamnah/Beru (Meghalaya); Dhanu Bans/Bhalu Bans (Sikkim); Nagaland: Oti (Ao), Vuteya (Angami), Awuti (Sema), Avuthi (Lotha); Barak (Tripura).
Habitat:
Occurs at altitude from mean sea level up to 600 m. Grows in any type of soil but prefers heavy textured soil with good drainage
Distribution:
It is an indigenous species of North Eastern India distributed in Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam,West Bengal and Bihar extending to Eastern Utter Pradesh
Flowering and fruiting:
This species flower gregariously and clump dies without setting any seed. The flowering cycle is 35 to 45 years.
Identification features:
12-20m height and 8-15cm diameter, grayish green, thickwalled, the diameter of the cavity about one-third of that of culm; node thicken with a whitish ring above, hairy brown; internodes 20-40cm long; branch from the lower nodes leafless and hard, mostly spreading, sometimes thorn-like; young shoots blackish green, green with yellow, brown or orange tinged culm sheath, clothed sparsely with dark brown hairs. Culm sheaths green when young, deciduous, tapering above and rounded at tip, adaxial surface with densely appressed dark brown hairs, margin ciliate; lower one much shorter and broader than the upper ones; blade 6-8 cm long, 5-7 cm broad, triangular, acute to acuminate, adaxial surface with dark brown pubescence, margin ciliate; ligules 5-8mm high, denticulate,membranous; auricle absent or very small, ciliate. 15-30cm long, 2.5-5cm broad, oblong lanceolate, glabrous above, pale and puberulous beneath,margins rough,apexpointed,subcordate,orround at base with short petiole.
Silvicultural management techniques :
The species is propagated vegetativley by branch cutting and culm cutting pretreated with growth promoting substance such as IBA or NAA or mixture of both. Cutting from 2-3 years old culms and basal part of the culm gavemaximum rooting response (Seethalakshmi et al.,
1983
Pests & Diseases & their control:
This species is affected by bamboo blight caused by Sarocladium oryzae. Blight affect the culm in August, the disease progresses by November. The disease can be controlled by cultural practices such as removal of blighted culm, burning debris in situ, adding new soil around clumps before the onset of monsoon in April and application of fungicides, Indofil M-45as a soil drench (Rahman, 1990).
Uses:
It the most common use for this bamboo is for structural applications. It is a highly preferred bamboo species for house construction, scaffolding, making ladders and props for small bridges. The shoots are edible in nature with sweet taste. It is also used for Agarbatti sticks
and in bamboo wood chip industry. Large quantity of this bamboo species is also consumed in pulp and paper industries