Hello Sir
Solar panels collect solar radiation from the sun and actively convert that energy to electricity. Solar panels are comprised of several individual solar cells and function similarly to large semiconductors and utilize a large-area p-n junction diode. When the solar cells are exposed to sunlight, the p-n junction diodes convert the energy from sunlight into usable electrical energy.
The energy generated from photons striking the surface of the solar panel allows electrons to be knocked out of their orbits and released, and electric fields in the solar cells pull these free electrons in a directional current (D.C.),from which metal contacts in the solar cell can generate electricity. The more solar cells in a solar panel and the higher the quality, the more total electrical
output the solar panel can produce. The conversion of sunlight to usable electrical energy is otherwise known as the Photovoltaic Effect. The photovoltaic effect arises from the properties of the p-n junction diode, as such there are no moving parts in a solar panel.
In case of solar pumps with D.C. Motor the stored D.C. Power from the battery can be used directly. For pump driven by A.C. motor, an inverter is used to convert the D.C. Power stored in the battery to A.C. Power and to maintain stable voltage.
If the pump power is 200W, the pump voltage is 12V, and the battery need to be used for 3.6 hours,then the battery capacity is calculated as : 3.6 x 200 / 12 x 0.6 = 100AH.
If the pump power is 200W, the battery capacity is 100AH, the pump voltage is 12V and when the battery is full.