Hello MRC
Thank you sir for sharing your knowledge on my query. Any special advice or organic techniques to develop the dead soil / dying soil into live soil???
Hi,
Organic farming system, is a method of farming system which primarily aimed at cultivating the land and raising crops in such a way, as to keep the soil alive and in good health by use of organic wastes (crop, animal and farm wastes, aquatic wastes) and other biological materials along with beneficial
microbes (biofertilizers) to release nutrients to crops for increased sustainable production in an eco friendly pollution free environment.
Microbes play the key role in the organic farming.
For optimum yield you need to have live soil having certain level of presence of microbes (quantity and variety) in it.
In the dead soil there are no microbes.
In the dying soil the microbes are reducing in number and variety.
Microbes live in the soil by partnering with the roots of the plants.
The main idea behind organic farming and gardening is to encourage the animals and micro-plants of the soil to flourish and generate food particles from the native soil and a small amount of additives such as compost.
If the soil is sterilized from years of chemical saturation and then organic methods used, the crop will indeed be meager.
The sterile soil / the dead soil cannot support the plant growth required without the constant additions of chemical 'soup' that the soil requires once the micro-population is gone.
It take quite long time for a soil to be 'renewed' to the requirements necessary for optimal organic growth.
Healthy soil / live soil consists of a combination of minerals, water, air and organic matter. Worms and billions of microbes live in healthy soil, decomposing and converting soil components into usable plant nutrients.
Chemical fertilizers bypass the microbial source for plants to obtain their food, often killing beneficial bacteria and fungi. Microbial activity eventually ceases. With continued use, only regular additions of chemical fertilizers will then enable the soil to support plant life. At harvest, while dozens of minerals are removed from the soil only a few of them are replaced through chemical fertilization. Salts in chemical fertilizers can also be poisonous to earthworms.
Please do not get discouraged or loose faith in organic farming, if you do not get yield, up to your expectation, in the first year itself after switching to organic farming.
Your yield will increase every year.
Feeding the Soil
Various methods may be used to improve the fertility of soil. One of the most valuable is the addition of compost.
Large quantities of finished compost may be added even at planting time without any risk of burning the delicate root systems of young plants.
To build a compost heap simply alternate thin layers of brown and green material. Brown material is older, dryer, plant ingredients like dried grass stems, old corn stalks, dried peas or old hay. Purchasing straw may be necessary to obtain sufficient brown material. Green material is made up of young, moist, fresh ingredients like kitchen wastes such as fruit and vegetable peelings, eggshells, coffee grounds and carrot tops or garden wastes such as fresh grass clippings, cabbage leaves or fresh pea vines.
Well-rotted manure is another good organic soil amendment. The best manures to use are horse, cow, sheep and goat. These may be left to break down on their own or added to the compost pile.
Attracting Earthworms, the addition of compost will also attract earthworms to the soil. Worms eat organic matter and tunnel, helping to aerate and drain the soil. After predigesting the material, worms excrete "castings", leaving behind them fertile tunnels for microorganisms and the growth of plant roots. As well as having a large population of bacteria, worm castings are rich in nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorous. Combined with the air channels provided by tunneling, the result is an almost perfect environment for plant growth.
One interesting option is
The Chicken Tractor
If the patch of land, targeted for a improving the microbe population, is thick with weeds, another interesting method of improving the soil is to use the chicken tractor.
A small portable coop is placed atop an overgrown section and the chickens make short work of weeds and weed seeds, greens and insects before being moved along.
They contribute manure and their scratching loosens the soil. Add a nesting box and the chickens will also supply fresh eggs!
Similarly you can use cow / buffalo / sheep / goat / pigs to improve the soil.
Many farmers invite shepherd to bring their sheep and stay on their land.
Be careful if you resort to chemical sprays to control pests, because this will kill the microbes too.
It’s usually better to adopt an organic method.
Pesticides and fertilizers interfere with the careful balance of nature in the soil.
Regards
MRC